Harmonizácia kolektívnej správy

The article deals with the latest legislative step of the EU Commission in the field of collective management. Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on collective management of copyright and related rights and multi-territorial licensing of rights in musical works for online uses in the internal market could be considered as the revolutionary initiative, the final call for the harmonization of the collective management of copyright and related rights. Despite the very need of the EU legislation harmonizing the conduct of the special services provided by the collective administrators - legal persons mostly based on the principle of representation of its members and other (contractual) right holders - the job seems to be completed. Lots of unanswered questions and open issues are left behind. The proposal contains two main areas of regulation: (i) the collective management organisation and (ii) multi-territorial licensing of the music for online use. On the one hand side there is a call for transparency, efficiency and responsible exercise of the collective management from the side of the collective management organisation itself (and its representatives, CEOs etc.) targeting the benefit of the right holders and users as well, but on the other hand side there is no regulation of the legal status of the collective management organisation or the supervision (national or EU based) over the collective management exercise. The second area - multi-territorial licensing stopped also on the halfway while the regulation deals only with the music work and shall not apply to the audio-visual works, literary works and the producers rights (phonograms or film) nonetheless. However, there are two current Presidency compromise proposals and the debate is still open, so there is still chance to adjust the proposal to have the reasonable and functional harmonization.

Európska komisia predstavila v roku 2012 návrh novej smernice o kolektívnej správe autorských práv a práv súvisiacich s autorským právom (ďalej len "návrh smernice").¹⁾

Návrh smernice sa počas rokovaní pracovnej skupiny Rady Európskej únie, samozrejme, ďalej vyvíja a do istej miery aj mení a dopĺňa.²⁾

Hoci v súčasnosti neexistuje právna úprava na európskej úrovni, ktorá by upravovala oblasť kolektívnej správy, možno vychádzať z práce expertnej skupiny Európskej komisie pre autorské právo a súvisiace práva.³⁾

Kolektívna správa predsavuje zložitú oblasť,⁴⁾ a to osobitne s ohľadom na cezhraničný dosah výkonu tejto činnosti, a teda sa jej harmonizácia javí čoraz viac ako nevyhnutná.

Jednou z najdôležitejších funkcií kolektívnej správy je umožnenie uplatneni