Stanovisko Najvyššieho súdu SR k žalobným návrhom založeným na zmenke vo vzťahu k ochrane spotrebiteľa

The article analyses the common opinion of the Civil and Commercial Divisions of the Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic regarding the procedure of lower courts in cases of pleas in law with exercised right from a promissory note in relation to consumer protection. It addresses the procedural situation of application of the Regulation (EC) No 861/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007, establishing a European Small Claims Procedure, to claims with exercised right from a bill in the light of consumer protection according to Directive No 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts and Directive No 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit. The opinion formulates a conclusion of the Supreme Court leading to the need of approximation of reviews of such pleas in cases where the court from its conduct concludes that the defendant is a consumer. From the opinion it also follows that if the issuer of the note is a consumer then the note can be examined up to the level of agreement on the right to complete a blank promissory note, applying the law valid at the time of its issue. Finally, the Supreme Court declared that even if causal objections are not raised by the issuer of the promissory note, the claim for charged contractual interest can be reviewed and - depending on circumstances of the case - treated as a right exercised in contradiction with good morals as far as the court concludes that the amount of the exercised right achieves such an excess.

Dňa 20. októbra 2015 bolo prijaté spoločné stanovisko občianskoprávneho a obchodnoprávneho kolégia Najvyššieho súdu Slovenskej republiky č. 93/2015 k postupu súdov nižšieho stupňa vo veciach návrhov s uplatneným právom zo zmenky vo vzťahu k ochrane spotrebiteľa v nasledovnom znení: